Qubits can have two simultaneous states and use a different paradigm from classical computing based on the combination of 1 and 0 bits, which allows for the creation of new possibilities around the algorithm. Based on this, they have already positioned themselves as the computers of the future.
The capacity of these new machines makes them capable of decrypting data much faster than a conventional computer. A Turing machine is equivalent to a classical computer, while a quantum computer is equivalent to a quantum Turing machine.
On the one hand, in the United States, the Department of Homeland Security is conducting research to combat hackers who wish to steal encrypted information, which will possibly be revealed in the future through the use of quantum computers. Meanwhile, in 2016, the National Institute of Standards and Technology began creating the first quantum computer, which will be ready by 2024. This production is important because by creating this technology, we can begin to prevent cyberattacks.
On the other hand, there are companies already commercializing this technology, which supposedly deciphers post-quantum cryptography, although there is no certainty that it will actually work in the future.
This type of technology could take around 30 years to develop before the machines can truly serve humanity. And their use can help us solve truly important problems.